ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The aim of this study was to investigate DNA content and expression of c-erbB-2, PS2, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) proteins in breast carcinomas with neuroendocrine (NE) cell differentiation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chromogranin, c-erbB-2, PS2, and PSA in 131 samples of breast cancer were detected immunohistochemically. Classic Feulgen staining image analysis techniques were used to quantify DNA content in 81 of the breast cancer samples.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The c-erbB-2 positive rate in breast carcinoma samples containing neuroendocrine cells was 37.5% and the rate of high expression of c-erbB-2 (++ or +++) was 33.3%, both significantly lower than that in breast carcinomas without neuroendocrine cells (62.6% and 68.7%, respectively, P < 0.05). The rates of positive PS2 and PSA expression in breast carcinoma samples containing neuroendocrine cells were 72.2% and 55.0%, respectively, both significantly higher than that in breast carcinoma samples without neuroendocrine cells (45.0% and 16.4%, respectively, P < 0.05). In NE(+) samples, the integral optical density, DNA index, DNA stemline peak, > 5 c aneuploidy cells, and rate of aneuploidy among cells were all lower than that in NE(-) breast carcinomas (P < 0.01). In NE(+) grade I or II breast carcinomas, these indices were also all lower than that in the NE(-) breast carcinoma samples (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Breast carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation have a lower rate of malignancy. Neuroendocrine differentiation could serve as a prognostic marker in clinical practice.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Chemistry , Pathology , Cell Differentiation , DNA , Membrane Proteins , Neurosecretory Systems , Cell Biology , Presenilin-2 , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Receptor, ErbB-2ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between diabetes and somatostatin (SOM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We established a streptozocin-induced diabetic rats model and studied the changes of SOM mRNA in hippocampi of diabetic and normal rats by using in situ hybridication and computer image analysis. We studied the mechanism of chronic diabetes encephalopathy by observing the changes of somatostatin mRNA in the hippocampus of diabetic rats was studied.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The number, light density and average area of positive cells in dentate gyrus area of hippocampus in diabetes model were reduced significantly as compared with normal rats (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A decline in SOM mRNA expression may play a role in chronic diabetes encephalopathy because of SOM effect in brain.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Brain Diseases , Metabolism , Dentate Gyrus , Metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Metabolism , Diabetic Neuropathies , Metabolism , Hippocampus , Metabolism , RNA, Messenger , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Somatostatin , GeneticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To provide the anatomical basis for the repair of the soft tissue defects on the dorsum of the foot. METHODS: Sixty-eight low extremity specimens were taken from fresh cadavers. The arterial distributions of the foot were observed by perfusing red latex, barium sulfate, Chinese ink and 10% gelatin, also studied by X-ray angiography and microdissection. RESULTS: The blood supply of the lateral pedal region was ensured by the lateral tarsal artery and perforating branch of the peroneal artery. The external diameter of the lateral tarsal artery was 0.9+/-0.2 0.5 approximate, equals 1.8 mm while external diameter of the perforating branch of the peroneal artery was 1.2+/-0.3 0.5 approximate, equals 2.1 mm. CONCLUSION: The lateral pedal musculocutaneous flap can be devised according to the different repair regions to restore the defected soft tissues of the foot.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To seek a exact method of estimating Postmortem interval (PMI).@*METHODS@#This study was preformed to investigate the relationship between postmortem interval and absorbance in vitreous humor of rabbit after death. The absorbance in vitreous humor of 48 rabbits after death were investigated with Model 754 spectrophotometer in apt wavelength (420 nm).@*RESULTS@#There exists positive linear regression association between postmortem interval (Y) and absorbance in vitreous humor (X) (r = 0.98327, P < 0.05), during rabbits after death 0 to 72 hours. The formula of linear regression is Y = 453.30 X + 0.75 (Y = postmortem interval = PMI, X = absorbance in vitreous humor).@*CONCLUSION@#The absorbance in vitreous humor can be as reference indicator to estimate PMI within hour 72.